Autism diagnostic interview: A standard investigator-based instrument Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders — Lord C. Myers, P. London, Jessica Kingsley Limited. Sainsbury C. Schopler E. Scott F. Szatmari P. Tager-Flusberg H. Baron-Cohen, H. Tager-Flusberg, D. Cohen Eds. Tantam D. Lifelong eccentricity and social isolation I. Psychiatric, social, and forensic aspects British Journal of Psychiatry — Lifelong eccentricity and social isolation II.
British Journal of Psychiatry — Willey L. Pretending to be normal UK Jessica Kingsley. Wing L. Asperger syndrome: A clinical account Psychological Medicine — Wing, Ed. Woodbury-Smith, M. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 35, — Download references. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar.
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Marked impairment in the use of multiple nonverbal behaviours such as eye-to-eye gaze, facial expression, body postures, and gestures to regulate social interaction. Failure to develop peer relationships appropriate to developmental level. YES NO 1 prefers to do things on own rather than with others AQ1 finds self drawn more strongly to things than people AQ15 finds it hard to make new friends AQ22 does not enjoy social situations AQ44 finds friendships and relationships difficult so tends not to bother with them EQ12 3.
YES NO 1 4. Lack of social or emotional reciprocity e. YES NO 1 is not concerned if late when meeting a friend EQ11 finds it hard to see why some things upset people so much EQ21 does not spot when someone in a group is feeling awkward or uncomfortable EQ26 is not upset by seeing people cry EQ32 makes decisions without being influenced by people's feelings EQ39 friends don't talk to them about problems as not considered understanding EQ43 can't sense when intruding EQ44 often described as insensitive, but can't see why EQ48 if sees stranger in a group, thinks it's up to them to join in EQ49 stays emotionally detached when watching films EQ50 difficulty with tuning in to how others feel EQ52 does not get emotionally involved with friends' problems EQ59 5.
Difficulties in understanding social situations and other people's thoughts and feelings. Encompassing preoccupation with one or more stereotyped and restricted patterns of interest that is abnormal either in intensity or focus. Apparently inflexible adherence to specific, nonfunctional routines or rituals. Stereotyped and repetitive motor mannerisms e. YES NO 1 often notices small sounds that others do not AQ5 usually notices car number plates or similar strings of information AQ6 fascinated by dates AQ9 tends to notice details that others do not AQ12 fascinated by numbers AQ19 notices patterns in things all the time AQ23 usually concentrates on the small details rather than the whole picture AQ28 usually notices small changes in a situation or a person's appearance AQ30 5.
Tendency to think of issues as being black and white e. Tendency to turn any conversation back on to self or own topic of interest. Marked impairment in the ability to initiate or sustain a conversation with others. YES NO 1 does not enjoy social chit-chat AQ17 frequently finds doesn't know how to keep a conversation going AQ26 when talking on the phone, is not sure when it is their turn to speak AQ33 is not good at social chit-chat AQ38 can't tell if someone else wants to enter a conversation EQ1 can't work out what other person might want to talk about EQ54 3.
Pedantic style of speaking, or inclusion of too much detail. Inability to recognise when the listener is interested or bored. Even if the person has been told not to talk about their particular obsessive topic for too long, this difficulty may be evident if other topics arise.
Frequent tendancy to say things without considering the emotional impact on the listener faux pas. YES NO 1 often told has been impolite even though they think they have been polite AQ7 not a good diplomat AQ48 often finds it difficult to judge if something is rude or polite EQ14 doesn't think it's their problem if they offend someone EQ27 if asked opinion about new haircut, would answer truthfully even if didn't like it EQ28 can't always see why someone should have felt offended by a remark EQ29 is very blunt without being intentionally rude EQ34 sometimes told has gone too far with teasing EQ Impairments in imagination 1.
Lack of varied, spontaneous make believe play appropriate to developmental level. Either lack of interest in fiction written, or drama appropriate to developmental level or interest in fiction is restricted to its possible basis in fact e. Delays or abnormal functioning in each of A—D occur across development.
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